Optimal. Leaf size=342 \[ -\frac {2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{15 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (2 b^2+\sqrt {a} b \sqrt {c}-6 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{30 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.09, antiderivative size = 342, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 4, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 20, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {1130, 1211,
1117, 1209} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a} b \sqrt {c}-6 a c+2 b^2\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{30 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{15 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 x \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1117
Rule 1130
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx &=\frac {x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c}-\frac {\int \frac {a b+2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 c}\\ &=\frac {x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {a} \left (b^2-3 a c\right )\right ) \int \frac {1-\frac {\sqrt {c} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 c^{3/2}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {a} b+\frac {2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {c}}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 c}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c^{3/2} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 c}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{a} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{15 c^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a} b+\frac {2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{30 c^{5/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 7.02, size = 479, normalized size = 1.40 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 c \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x \left (b+3 c x^2\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )-i \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )+i \left (-b^3+4 a b c+b^2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}-3 a c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{30 c^2 \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.04, size = 417, normalized size = 1.22
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {x \left (3 c \,x^{2}+b \right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{15 c}-\frac {\frac {\left (6 a c -2 b^{2}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}+\frac {a b \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}}{15 c}\) | \(406\) |
default | \(\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{5}+\frac {b x \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{15 c}-\frac {b a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{60 c \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {\left (\frac {2 a}{5}-\frac {2 b^{2}}{15 c}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(417\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{5}+\frac {b x \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{15 c}-\frac {b a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{60 c \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {\left (\frac {2 a}{5}-\frac {2 b^{2}}{15 c}\right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(417\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int x^{2} \sqrt {a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int x^2\,\sqrt {c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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